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IPv4 ЭÒé×÷Ϊ»¥ÁªÍøµÄ»ù´¡£¬×ÔÆä½µÉúÒÔÀ´Ò»Ö±±»ÆÕ±éʹÓá£È»¶ø£¬Ëæ×Å»¥ÁªÍøµÄÒ»Ö±Éú³¤ºÍÆÕ¼°£¬IPv4 ÍøÂçÒ²ÃæÁÙ×ÅÔ½À´Ô½¶àµÄÍøÂçÇå¾²Òþ»¼¡£

1. µØµãºÄ¾¡

IPv4 µØµã¿Õ¼äÓÐÏÞ£¬½öÓÐÔ¼ 43 ÒÚ¸ö¿ÉÓõصã¡£Ëæ×Å»¥ÁªÍø×°±¸µÄ¼¤Ôö£¬IPv4 µØµãÃæÁÙÑÏÖصĿݽßÎÊÌâ¡£µØµãºÄ¾¡»áµ¼ÖÂеÄ×°±¸ÎÞ·¨ÅþÁ¬µ½»¥ÁªÍø£¬Ó°Ï컥ÁªÍøµÄÕý³£ÔËÐС£

2. IP ÓÕÆ­

¹¥»÷Õß¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýαÔì IP µØµãð³äÕýµ±µÄÓû§»ò×°±¸£¬»ñÈ¡¶ÔÍøÂç×ÊÔ´µÄδÊÚȨ»á¼û¡£IP ÓÕÆ­¿ÉÓÃÓÚÌᳫ¾Ü¾øЧÀ͹¥»÷¡¢ÇÔÈ¡Êý¾Ý»òÈö²¥¶ñÒâÈí¼þ¡£

3. ARP ÓÕÆ­

ARP (µØµãÆÊÎöЭÒé) Êǽ« IP µØµãת»»Îª MAC µØµãµÄЭÒé¡£ARP ÓÕÆ­¹¥»÷ʹÓà ARP ЭÒéµÄȱÏÝ£¬½«¹¥»÷ÕßµÄ MAC µØµãÓëÊܺ¦ÕßµÄ IP µØµãÏà¹ØÁª¡£Õâʹ¹¥»÷Õß¿ÉÒÔ×èµ²Êܺ¦ÕßµÄÍøÂçÁ÷Á¿£¬Ö´ÐÐÖÐÑëÈ˹¥»÷¡£

4. DNS ÓÕÆ­

DNS (ÓòÃûϵͳ) Êǽ«ÓòÃûת»»Îª IP µØµãµÄЭÒé¡£DNS ÓÕÆ­¹¥»÷ͨ¹ýʹÓà DNS ЧÀÍ£¬½«Êܺ¦Õ߶¨Ïòµ½¶ñÒâµÄÍøÕ¾»ò IP µØµã¡£Õâ¿ÉÓÃÓÚÇÔȡƾ֤¡¢Èö²¥¶ñÒâÈí¼þ»òÌᳫÍøÂç´¹ÂÚ¹¥»÷¡£

5. ·Óɹ¥»÷

IPv4 ÍøÂçµÄ·ÓÉЭÒé±£´æȱÏÝ£¬¿ÉÄܱ»¹¥»÷ÕßʹÓá£Â·Óɹ¥»÷¿Éµ¼ÖÂÍøÂçÖÐÖ¹¡¢Êý¾ÝЮÖÆ»ò¾Ü¾øЧÀ͹¥»÷¡£

6. »º³åÇøÒç³ö

IPv4 ЭÒéÕ»Öб£´æ»º³åÇøÒç³öÎó²î¡£¹¥»÷Õß¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÕâЩÎó²îÏòųÈõµÄ×°±¸·¢ËÍÈ«ÐÄÉè¼ÆµÄÍøÂçÊý¾Ý°ü£¬µ¼ÖÂ×°±¸±ÀÀ£»ò´úÂëÖ´ÐС£

7. ËéƬ¹¥»÷

IPv4 Êý¾Ý°ü¿ÉÒÔ±»·ÖƬ£¬ÒÔ±ãÔÚÍøÂçÉÏ´«Êä¡£¹¥»÷Õß¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýʹÓÃÊý¾Ý°üµÄËéƬ£¬ÈƹýÍøÂçÇå¾²²½·¥»òÌᳫÂþÑÜʽ¾Ü¾øЧÀ͹¥»÷¡£

8. IPv4 ЭÒéȱÏÝ

IPv4 ЭÒé×Ô¼º±£´æһЩ¹ÌÓеÄȱÏÝ£¬°üÀ¨È±ÉÙÉí·ÝÑéÖ¤ºÍ¼ÓÃÜ»úÖÆ¡¢ÒÔ¼°Ð­ÒéÖØ´óÐÔµ¼ÖµĹ¥»÷ÃæÀ©´ó¡£ÕâЩȱÏÝʹ¹¥»÷Õ߸üÈÝÒ×ÌᳫÍøÂç¹¥»÷¡£

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